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Midnight Sunset at "Camp 2" -- 12 May 2013

Thursday, May 9, 2013

First time to Dye-2


-Hey Dirk, have you ever been here before?
-Nope. First time to Dye-2 (die too).
Laughter followed within seconds, after realizing Dirk’s intended pun describing our situation the first evening we landed on the ice sheet. Around us, the most hostile conditions of the past decade with strong winds and extreme cold that made our whiskey give up its liquid form and turn into bottled ice cubes. In front of us, the bizarre view of a golf-ball-like structure that deformed the dusk horizon like we have never seen before while on the ice. Inside us, the subtle warmth of the cigarette smoke accompanying the modest satisfaction of our recently consumed dinner that was swallowed fast enough to provide us with at least a faint taste of normality rapidly giving way to the life on the field. Our night ended a bit afterwards with the whole group nesting in our tends and sleeping bags, trying to regain some strength with some uncomfortable sleep that would allow us to traverse in the morning to KAN_U and set up the first camp of our planned fieldwork.
The next morning, everything went according to plan with us successfully migrating from Dye-2 to our home for the next two weeks, while giving a few last hasty stares to this magnificent piece of polar history. Our two weeks at KAN_U passed relatively fast with ups and downs in our work progress tightly correlated to the weather conditions of every given day. Drilling and sampling cores, maintaining our weather stations and instrumentation went very well, considering that we spent few days in the mess tent, forced to postpone the planned activities for the following days.

During those days in the tent, passing the time included large doses of Jelly Bellies and Swiss Misses, Pringles and Stacy’s Chips with the peak of the day being Liam’s dinner and the subsequent hard liquor consumption to end the day. Lively Uno rounds were filling in along with siestas and vivid conversations with a lot of inappropriate jokes. Somewhere squeezed in between, where Liam’s descriptions of his impressions of Dye-2. Been the only one of our group who had been inside the abruptly abandoned radar station of the cold war period, he talked about weird staircase constructions, books and burned classified documents and unfinished meals standing on the tables due to the immediate evacuation in August 1989. Our plan to relocate to Camp 2 along the K-transect was abandoned due to the time pressure that was forced upon us from the frequent snow storms. The decision to move camp back to Dye-2 three days prior to our departure and perform the work there first, lit up my will to enter the building before leaving the ice and see for myself all the things Liam was talking about.
Sunday the 5th we spent on Dye-2. It was a day of great work when Dirk and I drilled out two 16 m cores. A well-deserved Musk Ox stew was waiting for us for dinner to celebrate the two newly arrived members of our group (Alex and Karen) and our departure from the ice the following day. Being Greek, I also called my parents to inform them that I will get my wine and meat and celebrate somewhat the Orthodox Easter Sunday with my ice mates. After devouring the delicacies that Liam laid before us at around 21:00, the only thing I could think and say was: “Let’s go to Dye-2. Last chance to do it, let’s just go in there. We need some culture Liam, you promiced me.”. Gladly, all the guys from the group were also up for it and Liam, being the experienced, took it upon him to be our guide through this experience. Fast ski-dooing brought us close to the huge snow drift that has built up around Dye-2 over the past 24 years. Excitement was apparent in all of our faces. Sliding down the slope of the snow barrier, we found ourselves under the building and towards the ladder of the entrance. Flashlights were switched on and the adventure began!

A few snow-blown corridors and halls of the first floor were rapidly left behind and we found ourselves in the second floor. Exactly as described, workshop shelves and storage rooms with all sorts of equipment from huge gas pipes to small outdated electronics were there to be found. The bar of the once active facility, still accommodated its pool table and the huge world map behind it. Empty bottles of whiskey with unknown labels to us were left empty on the bar probably by skiers passing by throughout the past two decades.

A small conference room for talks and briefings came afterwards and somewhat later we found the room with the huge power generators, the heart of this once alive organism. Rooms for the personnel, suddenly evacuated with only beds, mattresses, desks and chairs left inside.

Random private stuff left behind, lightbulbs, ashrays, sometimes even personal letters left behind during the hasty exit. Some broken windows let the Greenland weather in, filling up some rooms almost entirely with snow.


Documents of low importance still stacked inside their huge drawers located next to the radiation-shielded room for the telecommunications and monthly calendars of past seasons randomly flown on the floor. Still standing, we found in the reading room the book shelves holding part of the literature – English and Danish – that the facility included during the end. Also, magazines with old news and articles were scattered on the floor, result probably of ungrateful tourists that took shelter within the walls of Dye-2.


Making our way to the top, we found ourselves in the huge radar dome. Incredible acoustics echoed our voices in a ghostly way and Dirk’s dance steps were amplified into an army of crazy dancers. Names scratched by visitors on the shell of the radar and the dates of their visits gave the room a sense of importance and achievement in the people’s lives that have found themselves there. On the outside of the door, in the perimeter we saw our little camp in about 1 km distance and in between the runway that was separating us from Dye-2 all along. Pictures with great poses were taken and “glorious cigarettes” were lit next to our “glad og tilfreds” faces.

Our way down, brought us to the lower exterior levels where several meteorological sensors were still standing. Several boxed food supplies were still lying there unopened along with Coke cans and frozen Carlsberg beers. Before exiting the building, we found the secretary’s room and browsed through the visitors' log book. To our surprise, after turning a couple of pages, we found a familiar name on there: Jason E. Box, USA, 10 May 2003. We thought it would be nice to write also our names there as representatives of the ACT-13.

All the time I was there I was looking for a souvenir, something small possibly like a screw from the workshop or a small piece of document, something that wouldn't alter much this polar relic. The best souvenir possible came to me in the secretary’s room, right there before exiting: A Stanley flask from a careless cross-country skier full of cognac, nicely aged through freezing Greenlandic winters, right at the time when mine just run out. Gladly consumed at KISS these past few days.

Wednesday, May 8, 2013

Strong wind - slow progress

Horst informed us during the daily call-in yesterday evening that bad weather continues at Dye-2. We created a stock of ice cores before the rotation of the crew, just so that Mike, Horst, Karen and Alex would be able to keep production (core sampling) up during the upcoming period of bad weather - during which there is no leaving the camp. But apparently even core sampling was difficult to do behind the snow wall that functions as a wind shelter. They did manage to process one full core though, which takes half a day in good conditions (slicing up 16 meters into 10 cm sections, weighing it and put some of it in small sample tubes). Also, the last of the snow compaction equipment was constructed in the work tent, ready to be installed whenever weather calms down again. This picture shows one of these devices already installed at KAN_U; it is drilled down 15 m.


In the mean time the rest of us are still in Kangerlussuaq, except for Liam who returned to Copenhagen yesterday evening. Babis is helping out Andreas Mikkelsen, valued member of last year's campaign, who is currently re-installing a river-discharge station at the Kangerlussuaq bridge that was washed away last summer during extreme melt (see the video here).


Mark is packing up and shipping out the IMAU snowdrift equipment that was running at KAN_U over the winter.


I, on the other hand, was hoping to fly to the last of the GEUS weather stations (part of the Greenland Analogue Project) in the region by helicopter. But this got postponed once again... Yesterday because the pilot was suffering from from food poisoning (hooray for local cuisine), today because of low clouds and snowfall. Tomorrow we try again! We are running out of time though - planned departure is Friday!

Tuesday, May 7, 2013

Ice coring and more bad weather

ACT13 has now pulled out its sixth shallow firn/ice core. Core six, from which we will reconstruct annual variability in summer melt back at least two decades, was recovered from just south of the abandoned Dye-2 radar station. As the coring site was located on the other side of the US Air Force C-130 (Hercules) runway from our camp, we would have to wait for up to 30 min for clearance when commuting across the active runway.

We're especially excited about core six, as a core was recovered from the exact same location by NASA's PARCA (Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment) project back in the 1990s. The means we can make a direct comparison of how the amount of refrozen meltwater retained in the firn as ice has changed over the past two decades. At first glance, it's obvious that there is way more ice in the firn now than two decades ago. We're hoping to nail down exactly how much more, and even figure out how much meltwater generated at Dye-2 might be running off to the ocean (as opposed to refreezing in place).


Unfortunately, bad weather has once again moved into the area. As we perform our ice core processing outdoors, the core processing can easily be derailed by high winds (even when we build large snow walls to act as wind breaks). The first thing to happen during processing is logging the core stratigraphy (the layering of firn and ice). The core is then cut with a hand saw into little 10 cm sections and weighed for density. Finally, a drill is used to pull out little plugs of ice from each section to send back to Copenhagen for isotopic analysis. Each of these tasks is increasingly difficult to perform as the amount of blowing snow increases.

So, while another strong storm has cancelled C-130 flights in and out of Dye-2 and forced the ACT13 crew to once again batten down the hatches, at least we can take comfort in the fact that strong storms tend to bring warmer air on to the ice sheet. Our team members deployed on the ice sheet have already had their fill of whiskey-freezing nights thanks!


Monday, May 6, 2013

Return to civilization / end of part one

So, it seems that my two most recent voice mail messages by satellite phone on the ice sheet did not come through to Jason... But in short: we are all fine & happy. Liam, Babis, Mark and I are happy because we are back in the relative luxury in Kangerlussuaq (where there are showers). Mike and Horst are happy because they finally saw us leave, I can only assume.

To briefly recap the past few days: we got out firn cores 3, 4 and 5 (with some interesting discoveries strongly supporting a change in the melt over the past decades), did a long stretch of radar measurements in the - if you ask me - most interesting part of the ice sheet (not high, not low), installed firn compaction devices, etc, etc, and in between all this packed up camp at KAN_U and put it up again at the former US radar station Dye-2. Lots of good data gathered. Field chiefs Horst and Mike seemed pleased.

The four of us (Babis, Mark, Liam, me) got flown back to Kangerlussuaq today on board a giant Hercules plane, together with a lot of no-longer-needed science gear. Yesterday, fresh blood arrived in the form of Uni of Colorado students Karen and Alex. After what must have been a shock to their systems - many hours of sleepless flight to Greenland and pretty much continuing to the ice sheet right away - they quickly got the hang of ice sheet camp life.

Weather over the past weeks was a lot colder than I experienced on previous occasions, with the coldest nights getting close to -40 C. At this temperature staying warm at night requires 3 layers of clothing, a very warm sleeping bag, two mattresses, and a warm (boiling) water bottle. And then there was the storm... Impressive doesn't quite cover it. Not very cold, but extreme wind chill and only a few meters visibility due to snow being blown around. Walking over to the pee stick, 10 meters from the dome tent where we eat and sit and wait for bad weather to pass, can be very dangerous when you lose sight of the big orange thing going just half of the distance (that's why we have marker poles). You cool down a lot in a minute outside and need to get out of the wind before frost bites.

On the ice we learned that during our scientific expedition a UK expedition traversing the ice sheet got into big trouble, not even that far away from us on the Greenland scale, resulting in the death of an expedition member. Scary stuff. Reality sinks in even more when you learn such news. Not that we were worried for ourselves, with double back-ups of everything, but it did get quiet in the camp for a while.

Lots of pictures and a description of our last night on the ice coming up soon, involving the exploration of the spooky abandoned radar station Dye-2. We'll also keep blogging about the remaining four friends on the ice, driving their snow mobiles to higher and higher elevations... In the mean time the rest of us will have a warm, comfortable night, and perhaps a few beers before then (which is something you have to do without when temperatures are way below freezing).

Dirk

Sunday, May 5, 2013


5 May "They had two people go into the field today. 4 will come out tomorrow. They are doing well.

Kathy Young
Greenland Field Science Coordinator

Thursday, May 2, 2013

"lots of blowing snow so we are stuck in the tent"

from satellite phone SMS:

"well, yesterday Mark and Liam traversed successfully to DYE-2 to drop off 700 kg of the equipment and Mike GPR'd [ground penetrating radar'ed] 50 km but Babis and Horst didn't make it to the 4th core site 45 km up [glacier] due to white out and wind picking up [they knew the weather was closing]. Today we had 70+ km/h winds, lots of blowing snow so we are stuck in the tent still at KAN_U. Dirk"

The map below illustrates how temperatures have been ~10 C below normal (brrrr) the past 10 days while our campers are trying to work.


work progressing, weather closing

Yesterday afternoon (1 May), I got a call from Dirk van As giving status update for the team...

weather stations LAN_U and KAN_M are/were running fine

3rd ~20 m core being drilled today 2 May

Liam and Mark returning to DYE-2 to return snow drift sensors and resupply with fuel.

After much effort, got ground penetrating radar (GPR) working

Dirk had to dig 1.7 m down to service a GPS for A. Hubbard.

weather should be closing in on them today 2 May.

The team plans to return to DYE-2 for a crew rotation 6 or 7 May

Dirk aims to return to Copenhagen 10 May